Jurnal Pembelajaran Bahasa dan Sastra

llocutionary Speech Acts in the Dialogue of the Film Bila Esok Ibu Tiada by Rudi Soedjarwo: A Pragmatic Analysis

Nur Asryanti H. Panai — 2026-11-05

This study aims to describe the types and functions of illocutionary speech acts, as well as the situational contexts in which they are used, within the film Bila Esok Ibu Tiada. The data source consists of the characters' dialogue, obtained from the film's transcripts and subtitles. The study employs a qualitative approach with a descriptive method. Data collection techniques included documentation, reading, listening, and recording utterances that contain illocutionary speech acts. The data were analyzed by identifying, classifying, describing, and interpreting these utterances based on Searle’s theory of illocutionary speech acts. The findings reveal five types of illocutionary speech acts in the film: assertive, directive, expressive, commissive, and declarative. Assertive speech acts are used to state or explain information; directive speech acts are used to issue commands, make requests, prohibit, invite, or reprimand; expressive speech acts are used to convey feelings—such as sadness, anger, disappointment, or worry—as well as to offer apologies; commissive speech acts are used to express willingness or commitment; and declarative speech acts are used to grant permission or establish decisions. The situational contexts underlying these speech acts include family conflict, concern for parents, loss and grief, and family reconciliation. The results indicate that the use of speech acts in the film is heavily influenced by the characters' social relationships and emotional states. Furthermore, these findings can be utilized as teaching material for Indonesian language instruction, particularly regarding pragmatics and language skills.

The Application of the Problem-Based Learning Model to the Ability to Interpret Persuasive Messages in Advertising Texts

Theresia Florentina Pasaribu — 2026-11-05

This study aims to determine students’ ability to interpret persuasive messages in advertisement texts without using the Problem Based Learning (PBL) model, to identify students’ ability when using the PBL model, and to examine the effectiveness of the PBL model in improving the ability to interpret persuasive messages in advertisement texts among eighth-grade students at SMP Negeri 41 Medan. This study employed a quantitative approach using a quasi-experimental design with a Posttest Control Group Design. The research sample consisted of two classes: Class VIII-2 as the experimental group and Class VIII-5 as the control group, each comprising 31 students. Data were collected through essay tests, observations, interviews, and documentation. The results showed that the experimental class achieved a mean posttest score of 84.19, while the control class obtained a mean posttest score of 45.32. Thus, there was a mean difference of 38.87 points, equivalent to an increase of 85.77%. These findings indicate that students who learned through the Problem Based Learning (PBL) model demonstrated higher abilities in interpreting persuasive messages in advertisement texts than those who learned through conventional teaching methods. The results of the t-test revealed that the calculated t-value (tcount = -12.744) was greater than the t-table value (ttable = 1.670), with a significance value of 0.000 < 0.05. This means that Ho was rejected and Hi was accepted. Therefore, it can be concluded that the Problem Based Learning (PBL) model is effective in improving the ability to interpret persuasive messages in advertisement texts among eighth-grade students at SMP Negeri 41 Medan.

Application of the Copy the Master Method in Teaching Short Story Writing Skills to Grade X Students at SMA Negeri 1 Telaga

Delanti Haptati — 2026-11-05

This study aims to describe the implementation of the Copy the Master method in teaching short story writing skills to tenth-grade students at SMA Negeri 1 Telaga, covering the planning, implementation, and evaluation stages. The study employs a qualitative approach with a descriptive research design. Data sources include the Indonesian language teacher and tenth-grade students at SMA Negeri 1 Telaga. Data collection techniques consist of observation, interviews, and documentation, with analysis conducted using the Miles and Huberman model, which involves data reduction, data presentation, and conclusion drawing. The results indicate that the Copy the Master method is implemented in three stages. In the planning stage, the teacher prepares instructional materials, including teaching modules, learning resources, student worksheets, "master" short stories, research instruments, and assessment rubrics. In the implementation stage, students read and analyze the "master" short stories, identify the elements that constitute a short story, draft a story outline, and develop that outline into a complete short story. In the evaluation stage, the teacher assesses both the process and the outcomes of the short story writing instruction. The findings reveal that the "Copy the Master" method successfully helps students understand the structure and constituent elements of short stories, facilitates the development of story ideas, and enhances students' ability to write short stories in a more focused, systematic, and creative manner. Most students were able to produce short stories that adhered to the proper structure and incorporated the essential elements of a well-crafted short story.

Representation of Cleverness and Power in Cross-Country Folktales: The Story of Kecerdikan Zibong & The Tale of the Kancil Melawan Harimau

Naya Nabila — 2026-11-05

This study aims to examine comparative literature by describing the representation of cleverness and power in the Korean folklore of Kisah Kecerdikan Zibong and the Indonesian folklore Kancil Melawan Harimau through intrinsic elements, including plot, setting, diction, characterization, and moral messages. The Tale of Kisah Kecerdikan Zibong is taken from a collection of Cerita Rakyat Jepang dan Korea, while The Kancil Melawan Harimau is taken from the book Si Kancil yang Cerdik. These two folktales share similarities that can be analyzed in depth. The research instrument is the human instrument, in which the researcher acts as the main instrument throughout the research process. The method used is descriptive qualitative research with content analysis. Data collection employs purposive sampling based on criteria relevant to the research focus. The findings show that cleverness is reflected in the characters’ ability to develop strategies and exploit the weaknesses of other characters, while power is reflected in their ability to influence the thoughts and actions of others. These findings are identified through the analysis of intrinsic elements, which reveals differences in the representation of cleverness and power. The two folktales have different purposes. Zibong tends to use his cleverness for personal gain without considering the possible consequences, whereas the Kancil uses cleverness to save himself from trouble. In terms of power, Zibong uses his influence to save himself and persuade several people to follow his wishes, while the Kancil focuses on using his power to influence the Harimau.

An Analysis of Conceptual Metaphors in Issue 209 of 11 Freunde Magazine

Rozan Satrya Dwi Fadhillah — 2026-11-05

This study aims to identify and classify conceptual metaphors in German-language texts in the magazine 11 Freunde, Edition 209, and to reflect on their implications for German language teaching in Indonesia. The research was conducted at the German Language Education Study Program, Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia, in 2026, through a textual study of the entire verbal content of 11 Freunde Edition 209 (published April 2019, 126 pages) as the research population without partial sampling. The research instrument was the researcher as the main instrument (human instrument), assisted by an analysis table containing metaphorical expressions, translations, metaphor types, source domains, and target domains. Data were analyzed using the Metaphor Identification Procedure and descriptive qualitative techniques. Results show that 51 metaphorical expressions were identified and classified into three types: structural (47.1%), ontological (43.1%), and orientational (9.8%), with structural and ontological types appearing in nearly balanced proportions. Classification by source domain yielded ten overarching categories, with war/violence, nature/living beings, physical objects/construction, and social institutions/professions being the most frequent.

Principle of Student-Centered Learning in Indonesian Language Textbooks for the Merdeka Curriculum: A Constructivist Theoretical Perspective

Siti Kholifah — 2026-11-05

This study aims to describe the application of constructivist learning theory in the Kurikulum Merdeka (Independent Curriculum) Indonesian Language textbook for Grade 10 (Phase E) of senior high schools and vocational schools (SMA/MA/SMK/MAK), 2023 revised edition. The study employs a qualitative descriptive method, utilizing content analysis of the textbook. The analysis focuses on the presentation of content, learning activities, and exercises that reflect constructivist principles—including active student engagement, the activation of prior knowledge, student-centered learning, the teacher's role as a facilitator, an emphasis on the learning process, and student participation in language-related activities. Data regarding the application of constructivist learning theory in the textbook were collected using an observation guide and analyzed thematically. The results indicate that the textbook incorporates constructivist principles through activities such as observing, reading, analyzing, discussing, reflecting, and presenting learning outcomes in a contextual manner. Teachers act as facilitators who support the learning process, while students are encouraged to actively construct knowledge based on their own learning experiences. These findings suggest that the textbook fosters meaningful learning, which aligns with both constructivist principles and the Kurikulum Merdeka framework.

An Analysis of the Film Sampai Titik Terakhirmu by Evelyn Afnilia as a Learning Resource for Drama Texts for Grade XI Students at MAN 2 Kota Bengkulu

Meissy Eka Putri — 2026-11-05

This study is titled “An Exploratory Analysis of the Film Sampai Titik Terakhirmu by Evelyn Afnilia as a Learning Resource for Drama Texts for Grade XI Students at MAN 2 Bengkulu City.” The study aims to describe the characters’ internal conflicts depicted in the film Sampai Titik Terakhirmu by Evelyn Afnilia and to explore its utilization as a learning resource for drama texts for Grade XI students at MAN 2 Bengkulu City. A descriptive-qualitative approach was employed. The research data consisted of dialogue, actions, expressions, and events illustrating the characters’ internal conflicts within the film. Data collection techniques included observation, documentation, and the recording of relevant scenes and dialogue. Data analysis involved identifying, classifying, interpreting, and describing the forms of internal conflict experienced by the characters. The findings are expected to reveal various forms of internal conflict, such as anxiety, fear, sadness, indecision, guilt, hope, and conflict in decision-making. These analysis results can subsequently be utilized as a learning resource for drama texts, as the characters’ internal conflicts in the film can help students understand characterization, dialogue, plot, and conflict development in drama. Utilizing the film as a learning resource is also expected to make drama text instruction more contextual, engaging, and relatable to students’ experiences. Thus, the film Sampai Titik Terakhirmu can serve as an alternative learning resource that supports students’ abilities to analyze and develop drama texts.