Jurnal Pembelajaran Bahasa dan Sastra

The English Curriculum Implementation Consistency: A Comparative Study of Urban and Rural Schools in Burundi

Etienne Bikorimana — 2026-09-01

Using a comparative, cross- sectional research design, this study explores the consistency of English curriculum implementation by comparing practices between urban and rural schools in Burundi. Different items were used to evaluate different aspects of teachers’ practices, including lessons preparation, curriculum implementation, teaching approaches, assessment, lesson adaptation, and availability of teaching and learning materials. To collect data, a likert scale questionnaire was administered to a population sample of 32 teachers (16 teachers from urban schools and 16 from rural schools). The collected data were treated by using descriptive statistics (mean and standard deviation) and an independent sample t-tests. The findings of the study reveal significant disparities between urban and rural schools. In fact, urban teachers scored higher on most items related to resources and curriculum support, while rural teachers scored comparably high on pedagogical practices and even higher in lessons adaptation. The results also indicate that items related to resources and curriculum support are the ones which constitute key differences between urban and rural schools while aspects related to pedagogical practices and lessons adaptation appear to be similar across the two contexts. The study finally recommends targeted resources allocation, support for rural teachers, policy interventions prioritizing rural schools to promote equal learning opportunities

Key words: English curriculum, curriculum implementation, urban school, rural school

Humans, Nature, and Mysticism in Fajar Aditya’s Novel Hilang Dalam Sekapan Semeru: A Study of Literary Ecocriticism

Rido Hernadi — 2026-09-01

This study aims to describe the representation of the relationship between humans and nature, the representation of the relationship between mysticism and nature, the interaction of humans with mysticism, and the value of environmental ethics education in the novel Hilang dalam Dekapan Semeru by Fajar Aditya. The study was conducted in June–July 2026 with the object of research being the novel Hilang dalam Dekapan Semeru. The research data source is the novel Hilang dalam Dekapan Semeru by Fajar Aditya, while the research data are in the form of words, phrases, sentences, and paragraphs that contain representations of the relationship between humans, nature, mysticism, and the value of environmental ethics education. The research instrument is the researcher himself with the help of data cards as supporting instruments. This study uses a qualitative descriptive method with a literary ecology approach. Data collection techniques are carried out through reading and note-taking techniques, while data analysis uses an interactive analysis model that includes data reduction, data presentation, and drawing conclusions. The results of the study show that there are four main categories, namely (1) representation of the relationship between humans and nature shown through human dependence, respect, and adaptation to the environment; (2) representation of the relationship between mysticism and nature that depicts nature as a sacred space that has a spiritual dimension; (3) human interaction with mysticism, which demonstrates the characters’ changes in attitude, becoming more religious and appreciative of nature after experiencing mystical events; and (4) the educational values of environmental ethics, which include maintaining cleanliness, adhering to climbing rules, respecting nature, and fostering a caring and mutually supportive attitude.

Women's Oppression and Resistance in the Novel Perempuan yang Menangis kepada Bulan Hitam by Dian Purnomo

Nadia Sari — 2026-09-01

This study aims to describe the forms of women’s oppression, forms of women’s resistance, and explain the relevance of the novel Perempuan yang Menangis kepada Bulan Hitam by Dian Purnomo as a literature teaching material in high school. The study uses a qualitative method with a descriptive analytical approach. Data were obtained from the novel Perempuan yang Menangis kepada Bulan Hitam and interviews with Indonesian language teachers of grade XII high school through documentation studies and semi-structured interviews. Data analysis uses the interactive model of Miles and Huberman which includes data reduction, data condensation, data presentation, and drawing conclusions, while the validity of the data is tested through triangulation of theory and investigators. The results of the study show that women’s oppression includes subordination, marginalization, violence, and gender stereotypes, while women’s resistance is manifested in the form of open and closed resistance. The results of the interviews indicate that this novel is relevant as a literature teaching material in high school because it is able to foster critical thinking skills, empathy, and awareness of gender equality and is in accordance with Indonesian language learning for grade XII based on the 2013 Curriculum.

Effectiveness of the Technological Pedagogical and Content Knowledge Approach Using Canva Media in Teaching Anecdote Writing Skills

Nurdin — 2026-09-01

This study aims to describe: 1) the pre-test mean score for anecdotal text writing skills; 2) the post-test mean score for anecdotal text writing skills; and 3) the effectiveness of the Technological Pedagogical and Content Knowledge (TPCK) approach using Canva media in improving learning outcomes regarding anecdotal text writing skills—specifically transitioning from linear narrative to multimodal literacy. The study employed a quantitative descriptive method via a quasi-experimental design (specifically, a one-group pre-test-post-test design) conducted during the even semester of the 2025/2026 academic year with Grade X students at SMK Vancanitty. The study population consisted of 26 Grade X students who participated in the pre-test, the instruction on anecdotal text writing skills (transitioning from linear narrative to multimodal literacy) using the TPCK approach with Canva media, and the post-test. A sample of 25 students was determined using a statistical formula and selected via simple random sampling without replacement. Data on learning outcomes regarding anecdotal text writing skills (transitioning from linear narrative to multimodal literacy) were collected using a test instrument. Pre-test and post-test data were analyzed using inferential statistics (specifically, a one-sample t-test), while data regarding the effectiveness of the approach and learning media were analyzed using a paired-sample t-test. The research results indicate: 1) the pre-test mean score for anecdotal text writing skills fell into the low category; 2) the post-test mean score for anecdotal text writing skills fell into the low category; and 3) the use of the TPCK approach via Canva media proved effective in improving learning outcomes for anecdotal text writing skills (transitioning from linear narrative to multimodal literacy), as the t-test yielded a significance value of 0.00 (p < 0.01).

Instructional Design for Impactful Arabic Speaking Instruction Through AI-Assisted Learning and a Deep Learning Approach

Rifda Haniefa — 2026-09-01

This study aimed to develop an instructional design for impactful Arabic speaking instruction through AI-Assisted Learning and a Deep Learning approach. The study was conducted at the Arabic Language Education Study Program, Faculty of Languages and Arts, Universitas Negeri Jakarta, during the 2025/2026 academic year. The population consisted of first-year students enrolled in the Kalam lil Mubtadi' course, with a sample of 50 students selected for the needs analysis. This study employed the Design and Development Research (DDR) model, focusing on the analysis and design phases. Data were collected using questionnaires, classroom observations, semi-structured interviews, and document analysis. Quantitative data from the questionnaires were analyzed using descriptive statistics in the form of frequencies and percentages, while qualitative data from observations, interviews, and document analysis were analyzed through data reduction, categorization, and interpretation to identify instructional requirements. The results produced an instructional design framework that systematically integrates Course Learning Outcomes (CPMK), the Deep Learning phases of Understanding, Applying, and Reflecting, AI-Assisted Learning as a pedagogical learning partner, Story-Based Learning as a contextual learning environment, and authentic assessment into a coherent instructional system. The framework was implemented through an interactive digital module that provides contextual learning experiences, AI-assisted speaking practice, reflective learning activities, and authentic speaking projects to support impactful Arabic speaking instruction.

Development of a Gemini AI-Based Learning Medium with Structured Feedback for Speech-Text Writing

Indah Marni Halawa — 2026-09-01

This study aims to develop a Gemini AI-based learning medium with structured feedback to improve the writing achievement of speech texts among eighth-grade junior high school students. The study was conducted in the even semester of the 2025/2026 academic year at SMP Budi Murni 2 Medan, using a Research and Development approach with the ADDIE model (Analysis, Design, Development, Implementation, Evaluation). The research subjects consisted of two content experts, two media experts, one eighth-grade Indonesian language teacher, and 30 eighth-grade students as questionnaire respondents and writers of the speech texts analyzed through the medium. Data were collected through expert validation sheets, teacher and student response questionnaires, observation and interview guidelines, and writing tests, then analyzed descriptively using qualitative and quantitative techniques, with Likert-scale scores converted into percentages. The results show that the resulting product is a web-based learning medium accessible at https://mrdatoai.my.id/, consisting of four main menus (Home, Materials, Sample Speeches, Practice) with a three-stage writing flow (Initial Text, Revision, Final Text), each accompanied by automatic feedback based on a seven-aspect assessment rubric. The medium is categorized as Highly Feasible (average 89.55%) and very high (average 89.9%), supported by writing achievement that increased gradually from 74.83 to 88.47 and classical mastery from 40.00% to 83.33%. The medium is declared valid and practical for use as a supporting alternative for teaching speech-text writing in eighth grade.

Development of Syllable Adventure Media for Vocabulary Learning ini Grade 1 of Elementary School

Elfanni Rieka Syahputri — 2026-09-01

The purpose of this research and development is to produce a Syllable Adventure Media that is feasible and effective in facilitating the vocabulary mastery needs of early-grade students. The time and place of this field research was conducted at UPT SDN Kalipucung 03, Sanankulon, Blitar Regency, East Java Province, within a nine-month period from October 2025 to June 2026. The research method used is Research and Development (R&D) by applying the ADDIE development model (Analyze, Design, Develop, Implement, Evaluate). The population and sample for the field testing involved 13 first-grade students of UPT SDN Kalipucung 03. The research instruments and data collection tools used included non-test instruments consisting of validation sheets from material experts, media experts, and learning practitioners, as well as test instruments in the form of oral performance tests with a pre-test and post-test scheme. The data analysis technique used a combination of descriptive statistical percentage analysis to measure product validity and inferential statistics through the calculation of the Normalized Gain (N-Gain) score assisted by SPSS software. The results showed that the Syllable Adventure Media was declared highly valid, with feasibility percentages of 100% from material experts and 92% from media experts. Furthermore, this media proved to be highly effective in significantly increasing students’ vocabulary mastery, as demonstrated by a sharp increase in the total score from 970 (pr-test) to 1,255 (posttest) and an average N-Gain score of 0.86, which falls into the high category.

An Analysis of Appositive Phrases in Observation Report Texts by 8th-Grade Students at SMP Deli Murni Diski

Angel Seven Girl Sinaga — 2026-09-01

This study aimed to describe the forms, functions, and accuracy of appositive phrase usage in observation report texts written by eighth-grade students of SMP Deli Murni Diski. The study was conducted at SMP Deli Murni Diski during the 2024/2025 academic year. The population consisted of all observation report texts produced by eighth-grade students, while the sample comprised 69 observation report texts selected using a total sampling technique. This study employed a qualitative approach with a descriptive method. The researcher served as the primary research instrument, supported by a data analysis sheet developed based on the indicators of the forms, functions, and accuracy of appositive phrase usage. Data were collected through documentation techniques and analyzed using the stages of data reduction, data presentation, linguistic analysis, and conclusion drawing. The findings revealed that the use of appositive phrases in the students’ observation report texts was very limited. Of the 69 texts analyzed, only one contained an appositive phrase, namely Kucing Peliharaan. The phrase consists of two noun phrases referring to the same entity, with Kucing peliharaan functioning as the head phrase and kucing peliharaan as the explanatory phrase. The appositive phrase was used accurately because it fulfilled the characteristics of an appositive construction. Meanwhile, most of the texts did not contain appositive phrases and instead relied on definitional, classificatory, and descriptive sentences to present information about the observed objects. These findings indicate that students’ ability to use appositive phrases in observation report writing has not yet developed optimally.

Development of a Fantasy Story-Based Interactive E-Book to Improve Student Literacy

Susanti — 2026-09-01

This study aims to develop an interactive e-book based on fantasy stories to improve literacy. The study employs the Research and Development (R&D) method using the ADDIE model, which comprises the stages of Analysis, Design, Development, Implementation, and Evaluation. The research was conducted during the even semester of the 2025/2026 academic year at SMP Negeri 10 Sungai Kakap. The research subjects were 31 students from class VII C at the school. Data collection techniques included observation, interviews, student response questionnaires, and literacy tests (pre-test and post-test). Each research instrument was developed using objective and systematic procedures. The research data underwent external validation by media, subject matter, and language experts. The results indicate that the interactive e-book received validation scores of 80% from media experts, 80% from subject matter experts, and 78.67% from language experts, placing it in the "feasible" category. Student responses yielded a score of 89.61%, falling into the "highly practical" category. Effectiveness test results showed an N-Gain score of 0.70, indicating a high level of effectiveness. Thus, the fantasy story-based interactive e-book is both feasible and effective for improving student literacy.

Inferiority and Superiority of the Character Vera in the Novel Jobin by Pidi Baiq: An Alfred Adler Psychological Study

Maulida Laili Rohmah — 2026-09-01

This research is motivated by the complex personality of the character Vera in Pidi Baiq’s novel Jobin, which reveals the dynamics between feelings of inferiority and the drive to achieve superiority, as explained in Alfred Adler’s Individual Psychology theory. The study focuses on the forms of inferiority and superiority exhibited by Vera and the interconnection between these two aspects in shaping her personality development. The research aims to describe the manifestations of Vera’s inferiority and superiority from the perspective of Alfred Adler’s Individual Psychology. A qualitative descriptive method with a literary psychology approach was employed. The data source is the novel Jobin by Pidi Baiq, while the research data consists of narratives, dialogue, and actions by Vera that reflect her psychological state. Data were collected through intensive reading, note-taking, and the classification of relevant excerpts, followed by analysis using a qualitative model involving data reduction, data presentation, interpretation, and conclusion drawing. The results indicate that Vera experiences feelings of inferiority—influenced by life experiences, emotional conflicts, and social relationships—which give rise to self-doubt. However, this condition acts as a catalyst for various forms of compensation, reflected in her courage to make decisions, her adaptability, and her efforts to maintain self-esteem and develop her potential. The findings confirm that inferiority and superiority are interconnected aspects in shaping Vera’s personality development, consistent with the concepts of Alfred Adler’s Individual Psychology.

Development of Interactive Digital Teaching Materials to Support the Integration of Literacy and Numeracy in Learning for Writing Procedure Texts

Andri Triyono — 2026-09-01

Improving the quality of basic education requires learning that is able to integrate literacy and numeracy meaningfully. Indonesian language learning has the opportunity to develop both competencies through the activity of writing procedural texts that contain numerical information in the context of daily life. The reality in the field shows that students still have difficulty in compiling procedural texts sequentially, while teachers need more interactive learning media to support the learning process. This research aims to develop interactive digital teaching materials to support the integration of literacy and numeracy in learning to write procedural texts in elementary schools. The research uses the Design and Development Research approach with the ADDIE model which includes the stages of analysis, design, development, implementation, and evaluation. The research subjects consisted of 66 grade V students from three elementary schools and three grade V teachers. Data was collected through needs questionnaires, validation sheets, observations, and user response questionnaires. The results of the needs analysis show a high need for interactive learning media with a percentage of 93.52%. The product developed obtained a validity level of 86.67% with a very feasible category. The results of the practicality test showed a percentage of 81.25% in teachers with the practical category and 93.44% in students with the very practical category. These findings show that the interactive digital teaching materials developed are feasible and practical to support the integration of literacy and numeracy in Indonesian language learning in elementary schools.

From The Other to Transcendence: Representation and the Existential Struggle of Female Characters in Novel The Women by Kristin Hannah

Lia Amelia — 2026-09-01

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis perjalanan eksistensial tokoh perempuan dalam novel the women karya kristin Hannah menggunakan teori feminisme eksistensialis Simone de Beauvoir. Fokus penelitian diarahkan pada representasi perempuan sebagai the other, bentuk immanence yang membatasi kebebasan tokoh perempuan, dan bentuk transcendence yang menunjukan perjuangan perempuan memperoleh eksistensinya. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode deskriptif kualitatif dengan pendekatan kritik feminisme sastra. Data penelitian berupa narasi dan dialog dalam novel yang menunjukkan perjalanan tokoh perempuan dalam menghadapi sistem patriarki. Teknik pengumpulan data dilakukan melalui studi pustaka dan baca-catat, sedangkan analisis data dilakukan secara interpretatif berdasarkan konsep the Other, immanence, transcendence, kebebasan, dan tanggung jawab menurut Simone de Beauvoir. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa tokoh perempuan pada awalnya direpresentasikan sebagai the Other melalui berbagai bentuk subordinasi dan marginalisasi yang menempatkan mereka dalam kondisi immanence. Namun, melalui keberanian mengambil keputusan, menunjukkan kompetensi, serta mempertahankan otonomi diri, tokoh perempuan mampu bergerak menuju transcendence dan membangun eksistensinya sebagai subjek yang bebas dan bertanggung jawab. Penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa novel The Women merepresentasikan perjuangan perempuan untuk memperoleh pengakuan atas identitas dan eksistensinya di tengah struktur patriarki.

Discourse on Power Regarding Threats Against Female Journalists in Tempo.co Media Coverage

Mutmainnah Huntala — 2026-09-01

Using Norman Fairclough’s Critical Discourse Analysis (CDA) framework, this study examines how power discourse is constructed across textual structures, discursive practices, and socio-cultural practices in the case of threats against female journalists reported by Tempo.co. This research employs a descriptive qualitative method. The primary data sources consist of diction choices, sentence structures, metaphors, and news narratives extracted from reports published on Tempo.co between March and July 2025. Data collection was carried out through a documentary technique involving close reading and note-taking, while data analysis utilized Fairclough’s three-dimensional CDA framework. The findings reveal that: (1) At the textual structure level, power discourse is manifested through the use of resistance diction, a mix of active-passive sentence structures to shift the focus of aggression, and dehumanizing surveillance metaphors; (2) Discursive practices highlight a tactical news production process by the editorial team to construct political causal relationships, alongside fragmented text consumption split between the ideological resistance of digital readers and institutional support; (3) Socio-cultural practices reflect the influence of national political momentum surrounding the revision of the TNI Law, a legitimacy crisis within state apparatus institutions, and the strengthening of professional journalist alliances amidst a pervasive culture of impunity.

A Semiotic Analysis of Gus Mus’s Poems Kaum Beragama Negeri Ini and Selama Ini di Negerimu: A Roland Barthes Perspective

Fitri Diva Saskia MR. Binol — 2026-09-01

This study aims to describe the denotative, connotative, and mythic meanings in the poems Kaum Beragama Negeri Ini and Selama Ini di Negerimu by Ahmad Mustofa Bisri, utilizing Roland Barthes' semiotic framework. The research data consist of words, phrases, and sentences from both poems that embody denotative, connotative, and mythic meanings. A qualitative descriptive method was employed, with data collection involving the reading, comprehension, and recording of poem segments containing semiotic signs. Data analysis was conducted by identifying signs, classifying the data, and subsequently analyzing meanings based on Roland Barthes' semiotic theory. The results indicate that both poems by Gus Mus contain denotative, connotative, and mythic meanings related to social criticism and humanity. The denotative meaning reflects the literal sense of the words used, while the connotative meaning reveals criticisms regarding religious fanaticism, poverty, social injustice, and the erosion of human values within society. Furthermore, the mythic meaning in both poems highlights social perspectives accepted as natural by the public—such as the notion that religious symbols outweigh human values, or the view of poverty as a commonplace aspect of social life. Through the use of simple symbols, Gus Mus successfully conveys profound moral messages and social critiques regarding the reality of life in Indonesian society.

Gendered Perspectives: Ibuism in Indonesian English Education Textbooks

Susanto — 2026-09-01

This study examines how Ibuism ideology influences gender representation in Indonesian primary school English textbooks. Ibuism, an ideology that emerged during Indonesia’s New Order era, promotes traditional, domestic roles for women under male authority, limiting their societal roles to caregivers and mothers. Despite ongoing social developments, Ibuism remains influential, reinforced by state programs such as the PKK (Family Welfare Empowerment). Content analysis was employed to explore how textbooks for Grades 1 through 4 depict women and men in gendered roles, with findings indicating that female characters are frequently portrayed in domestic, nurturing roles, while male characters are depicted as providers and authority figures. The analysis strongly supports the notion that Ibuism ideology permeates educational content, reinforcing traditional gender roles and limiting women's representation by emphasizing their value through domestic contributions and positioning them in supportive roles subordinate to men. These findings highlight the critical role of educational materials in transmitting cultural and political ideologies, perpetuating systemic gender inequalities with significant global implications. The study underscores the universal challenge of addressing ideological bias in curricula and calls for international efforts to promote gender-sensitive curriculum development to foster equity. By revealing how deeply embedded ideologies shape societal norms through education, this research contributes to discussions on gender representation in educational resources and provides valuable insights for educators, policymakers, and researchers working toward inclusive and equitable education systems

The Effect of Using Spotify as a Digital Audio Storytelling on Listening Comprehension for Senior High School Students

Istnaini Lailatul Fadlilah — 2026-09-01

This study was conducted to investigate the effect of Spotify as a digital audio storytelling tool on high school students’ listening comprehension and to identify which aspect of listening comprehension showed the most significant improvement following the implementation of Spotify. This study employed quantitative approach through an experimental method. The specific experimental design used was a pre-experimental design involving pre-test and post-test on a single group. Conducted in a high school with 34 tenth-grade students, this study had five sessions: a preliminary test, three sessions of intervention, and a final test. The researchers used tests to collect data, which was then analyzed using a Paired Sample t-Test, followed by an effect size calculation to determine the impact. The results showed significant improvement in students’ listening comprehension scores (p < .001) as well as a moderate effect size (d = 0.60). Additionally, the results indicated that the details aspect improved by a mean gain of 5.29, while the main ideas aspect improved by 2.71 and the inferences aspect by 1.88. Therefore, Spotify had a beneficial effect on students’ listening comprehension when used as a digital audio storytelling medium, with the detail’s aspect showing the greatest improvement.

The Representation of Women in the Novel Cinta di Dalam Gelas by Andrea Hirata: A Liberal Feminist Study

Surya Hutapea — 2026-09-01

This research is motivated by the importance of literature education that goes beyond mere appreciation of the work itself; it should also foster students' awareness of various social issues, including gender equality. The novel Cinta di Dalam Gelas by Andrea Hirata was selected because it depicts various forms of gender injustice and the struggles of women to achieve equality. This study aims to describe the forms of gender injustice and the nature of women's struggles from a liberal feminist perspective. A qualitative approach utilizing descriptive analysis was employed. The primary data source is the novel Cinta di Dalam Gelas by Andrea Hirata, with data collected through reading and note-taking techniques. Data analysis involved the stages of data reduction, data presentation, and conclusion drawing. The findings reveal that the forms of gender injustice present in the novel include marginalization, subordination, stereotyping, and patriarchy. Meanwhile, women's struggles are represented through efforts regarding education, economic freedom, public participation, equal civil rights, and resistance against patriarchy. The character Maryamah (Enong) is portrayed as a woman striving for equal opportunities and rights through education, economic independence, and involvement in the public sphere—an arena traditionally dominated by men. The research findings were subsequently developed into a gender-sensitive teaching module for review texts, designed in accordance with the Kurikulum Merdeka (Independent Curriculum) and incorporating a growth mindset approach and the Problem-Based Learning model. Thus, the novel Cinta di Dalam Gelas serves as a representation of various forms of gender injustice while simultaneously illustrating women's struggles to attain equality.

Expressive Speech Acts of Talk Show of Curhat Bang Denny Sumargo: A Pragmatic Approach

Moh. Yusuf H. Ibrahim — 2026-09-01

This study aims to analyze and describe the types and functions of expressive speech acts found in the Curhat Bang Denny Sumargo Talk Show (June 2025 edition) and to examine their relevance to Indonesian language learning in schools.This study employed a pragmatic approach using a descriptive qualitative research design. The data consisted of utterances and conversations containing expressive speech acts in the Curhat Bang Denny Sumargo Talk Show, June 2025 edition. The data were collected through documentation, observation, and note-taking techniques. Data analysis was conducted in three stages: data reduction, data display, and conclusion drawing. The findings indicate that four types of expressive speech acts were identified, namely 22 instances of compliments, 9 instances of criticism, 6 instances of apologies, and 7 instances of expressions of gratitude. In terms of their functions, the study identified 21 referential functions, 23 emotive functions, 2 conative functions, 2 metalingual functions, and 7 phatic functions. These findings demonstrate that expressive speech acts serve various communicative purposes in interpersonal interactions. Furthermore, the findings are relevant to Indonesian language learning for Grade 10 senior high school students, particularly the Learning Outcomes (Capaian Pembelajaran/CP) for Phase E in the listening element. Accordingly, the identified expressive speech acts can be utilized as authentic teaching materials to support students in understanding language use in real-life communication. In conclusion, the study identified four types and five functions of expressive speech acts in the Curhat Bang Denny Sumargo Talk Show (June 2025 edition). The findings also confirm their relevance to Indonesian language learning at the Grade 10 senior high school level, particularly in achieving the Phase E Learning Outcomes for the listening element. Therefore, the findings may serve as authentic instructional resources to enhance students’ listening comprehension, pragmatic competence, and ability to analyze the meanings and functions of utterances in communicative contexts.

Politeness Principles in the Interaction of Students at SMP Negeri 3 Ketapang: Pragmatics Study

Meftahul Janah — 2026-09-01

This study aims to describe the forms of politeness maxims, the forms of their violations, and the factors influencing maxim violations in the utterances of students at SMP Negeri 3 Ketapang outside classroom hours. The study was conducted in May 2026 through two observation sessions in the school corridor and canteen, using a qualitative descriptive approach. The research subjects were seven seventh- and eighth-grade students selected through purposive sampling. Data were collected using observation guidelines, interview guidelines, and a voice recorder, then analyzed interactively through the stages of data reduction, data display, and conclusion drawing. The findings reveal that most forms of politeness maxim application were evident in students’ interactions, although a few utterances were not yet fully polite. Violations were found in three maxims tact, approbation, and modesty with more violations occurring in the canteen than in the corridor. Contributing factors include differences in cultural and linguistic backgrounds, informal and playful interaction contexts, differences in social status or age among students, and the use of slang. These findings indicate that politeness norms are reasonably internalized, yet contextual and ongoing language development remains necessary in multicultural school environments.

Exploring the Use of 3D Clay Art in English Vocabulary Teaching for Students with Intellectual Disabilities

Keryn Syarifatul Laili — 2026-09-01

Learning English vocabulary poses a significant challenge for students with intellectual disabilities due to their cognitive limitations, short attention spans, and difficulties in recognizing letter symbols. This study aims to describe how 3D clay art is integrated into English vocabulary teaching, explore students' responses and learning experiences, and identify the challenges encountered during its implementation. A qualitative case study design was employed, involving 10 elementary school students with intellectual disabilities and one English teacher at SLB Putra Mandiri Surabaya. Data were collected through observations, interviews, and documentation, and analyzed using thematic analysis. The findings showed that the integration of 3D clay art followed three systematic stages: vocabulary introduction and creation of 3D boards, reading and writing practice (by tracing tactile clay letter outlines), and vocabulary understanding practice through realia association. Students exhibited positive verbal and non-verbal responses, showing high enthusiasm, visual-tactile engagement, social interaction, and creativity in choosing colors.

Beyond Academic Integrity: A Human Security Analysis of Generative AI Use in University Students’ Academic Writing

Muhammad Zulfadhli — 2026-09-18

This study aims to analyze students' use of Generative Artificial Intelligence (GenAI) in academic writing through the lens of human security. A descriptive qualitative approach was employed, utilizing data from 60 open-ended questionnaire responses and 35 semi-structured interviews, analyzed using the Framework Method. The findings indicate that students use GenAI for idea development, drafting, language refinement, information seeking, and material comprehension; key benefits include time efficiency, ease of task completion, and support for writing skill development. Questionnaire and interview data also revealed vulnerabilities regarding information reliability, privacy, access inequality, dependency, cognitive autonomy, creativity, authorship, and the clarity of institutional policies. The study concludes that the use of GenAI requires management through information verification, data protection, independent thinking, transparency, AI literacy, and clear institutional guidelines. Therefore, AI governance in higher education should shift from a compliance-oriented approach to a student-centered framework that balances technological benefits, security, equitable access, and academic autonomy.

Utilization of Educational News Broadcasts on the CNN Indonesia YouTube Channel as Learning Media for News Listening in Senior High Schools

Sofiatul Mutmainah — 2026-09-20

This study aims to describe the use of educational news broadcasts on the CNN Indonesia YouTube Channel as instructional media for teaching news listening to identify accurate and up-to-date information. The study employed a descriptive qualitative method with a pragmatic approach. The data consisted of utterances containing implicatures in educational news broadcasts on the CNN Indonesia YouTube Channel. Data were collected through observation and note-taking and analyzed using Grice's (1975) Cooperative Principle and Levinson's submaxims (as cited in Cummings, 2007). The findings reveal that the news broadcasts are predominantly characterized by adherence to the Cooperative Principle, enabling information to be conveyed in a relevant, factual, and comprehensible manner. These findings were integrated into listening instruction through the development of handouts and student worksheets focusing on identifying accurate and up-to-date information. Therefore, educational news broadcasts on the CNN Indonesia YouTube Channel can serve as contextual instructional media to enhance students' listening skills, critical thinking, and understanding of both explicit and implied meanings.

Enhancing Students’ Understanding of Indonesian Spelling through Project-Based Learning Based on Language Error Analysis in Their Surrounding Environment

Evia Firnadia — 2026-09-19

This study aims to describe the improvement of students’ understanding of Indonesian spelling through Project Based Learning (PjBL) based on language error analysis in the surrounding environment. This research used a qualitative descriptive approach involving 23 second-semester students of the Islamic Communication and Broadcasting Study Program at IAIN Datuk Laksemana Bengkalis. Data were collected through students’ reflection reports and analyzed using content analysis techniques. The results showed that project-based learning improved students’ understanding of capitalization, word writing, punctuation, and loanwords. Students also became more aware of the proper use of Indonesian in their surroundings. In addition, project-based learning was considered more interesting and contextual because students were directly involved in observation, analysis, and the creation of educational videos.

The Use of Local Wisdom-Based Audio-Visual Media to Improve Poetry Writing Skills Among Grade X Students at SMK PGRI 2 Cianjur

Mega Afriyanti — 2026-09-22

This study aims to determine the effect of the use of audio-visual media based on local wisdom on improving poetry writing skills in class X students. The method used is a quasi-experimental design with a nonequivalent control group design. This research was conducted during the even semester of the 2025/2026 academic year at SMK PGRI 2 Cianjur. The research subjects consisted of two classes, namely the experimental class that used audio-visual media based on local wisdom and the control class that used conventional media. The research population was 30 class X students who took the pretest and posttest on their ability to write poetry. There were 14 students in the control group and 16 students in the treatment group. The sample was determined to be 28 students based on a statistical formula drawn at simple random using a non-replacement technique. Data collection techniques were carried out through tests (pretest and posttest). Data analysis used statistical tests to determine differences in learning outcomes between the two groups. The results showed that there was a significant increase in students’ poetry writing skills in the experimental class compared to the control class. This was indicated by the higher average posttest score of the experimental class and the results of statistical tests that showed a significant difference. The use of audio-visual media based on local wisdom was proven to be able to increase learning motivation, enrich imagination, and help students in choosing diction and developing ideas more creatively. Based on the research results, it can be concluded that the use of audio-visual media based on local wisdom is effective in improving the poetry writing skills of class X students.

Analysis of Indonesian Spelling in Narrative Composition of Grade IV Elementary School Students

Gustin Nur Asrianti — 2026-09-24

Spelling is an important element in writing because it plays a role in maintaining the accuracy of meaning, clarity of structure, and readability of a sentence. The ability to use correct spelling needs to be possessed by students since elementary school so they are able to produce writing that is in accordance with Indonesian language rules. However, in learning practice, spelling errors are still often found in students’ writing. These errors include the use of letters, word spelling, punctuation, and loan elements. This condition indicates that students’ understanding and application of Indonesian spelling rules are not yet fully consistent. This study aims to describe the use of Indonesian spelling in narrative essays of fourth-grade elementary school students based on the Indonesian Spelling (EYD) Edition V. This study uses a qualitative approach with a descriptive method. The research subjects were 33 fourth-grade students of SD Negeri 147 Pekanbaru. Research data were obtained through narrative essay writing tests and interviews with students and class teachers to strengthen the findings. Data were analyzed through the stages of identification, classification, and description of errors based on aspects of letter usage, word spelling, punctuation, and loan elements. The results of the study indicate that the use of Indonesian spelling in students’ narrative essays is still not fully in accordance with applicable rules. The most common errors were capitalization, prepositional spelling, and punctuation, including periods and commas. Meanwhile, relatively few errors were found in loanwords. The findings of this study indicate that students have grasped basic spelling rules, but still require reinforcement through ongoing learning and writing practice to ensure consistency.

Implementation of YouTube-Assisted Narrative Writing Instruction Based on Tegalan Stories to Enhance Literacy

Syamsul Anwar — 2026-09-25

This study aims to improve students' literacy skills through the implementation of narrative writing instruction based on *Tegalan* stories, supported by YouTube media. The research method employed was Classroom Action Research (CAR) conducted over two cycles. The subjects were eighth-grade junior high school students. The study population consisted of all eighth-grade students at SMP Negeri 5 Tegal City. A purposive sampling technique was used to select the sample: a single class of approximately 30 students with relatively homogeneous writing ability characteristics. Data collection techniques included observation, writing tests, questionnaires, and documentation. Writing tests were used to measure students' literacy skills before (pre-test) and after (post-test) instruction. Observation was used to monitor student activities during the learning process. Questionnaires were used to assess student responses and motivation regarding the implemented instruction. Documentation consisted of students' written work and records of learning activities. Data analysis involved quantitative analysis—calculating average pre-test and post-test scores and score improvements—as well as descriptive analysis to describe student activities and responses during instruction. The results indicate an improvement in students' narrative writing skills from Cycle I to Cycle II. The use of *Tegalan* stories and YouTube media proved effective in enhancing students' motivation and literacy skills. Teachers are encouraged to creatively utilize the local environment and digital media in their instruction. Future research could extend this method to other text types or different educational levels.

Inequality in Access to Education in the Novel Dia Adalah Kakakku by Tere Liye: A Sociological of Literature Study

Faiza Dita Azhara — 2026-09-25

This study aims to describe and analyze forms of inequality in educational access experienced by characters and to reveal the author’s social criticism of public education reflected in Tere Liye’s novel Dia Adalah Kakakku through a sociology of literature approach. Data collection was conducted online via the National Library of the Republic of Indonesia and Regional Libraries over a three-month period from February to April 2026. This qualitative descriptive research based on library research applies Alan Swingewood’s sociology of literature approach to analyze the novel as a socio-cultural document. The object of this study focuses on the novel text Dia Adalah Kakakku by Tere Liye (Republika Publishing, 2018, 398 pages), with textual sample respondents consisting of utterances, dialogues, background descriptions, and actions of the main character Laisa and her siblings. The primary instrument was the researcher, assisted by a document analysis guide and data corpus tables. Data analysis techniques applied qualitative content analysis integrated with the Miles and Huberman model, encompassing data reduction, descriptive-dialectical presentation, and conclusion drawing through textual read-and-note techniques. The results indicate three main findings: (1) the geographical isolation of Lahambay Valley and structural poverty trigger limitations in school facilities and force the sacrifice of Laisa’s educational rights; (2) Tere Liye’s authorship position acts as a social witness articulating the worldview of rural communities; and (3) the novel serves as social criticism exposing hidden costs (operational, housing, and uniform expenses) in the educational system.