The Function of Martonggo Raja in the Saur Matua Tradition in Toba Batak

Febe Elnosa Kasih; Anggun Yuni Sarah Saragih; Ginto Sianturi; Robert Sibarani; Immanuel Silaban

doi:10.55909/jpbs.v5i3.1321

Authors

Febe Elnosa Kasih Prodi Sastra Batak, Universitas Sumatera Utara, Sumatera Utara, Indonesia
Anggun Yuni Sarah Saragih Prodi Sastra Batak, Universitas Sumatera Utara, Sumatera Utara, Indonesia
Ginto Sianturi Prodi Sastra Batak, Universitas Sumatera Utara, Sumatera Utara, Indonesia
Robert Sibarani Prodi Sastra Batak, Universitas Sumatera Utara, Sumatera Utara, Indonesia
Immanuel Silaban Prodi Sastra Batak, Universitas Sumatera Utara, Sumatera Utara, Indonesia

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.55909/jpbs.v5i3.1321

Keywords:

martonggo raja, saur matua, tradition

Abstract

Martonggo Raja in the Saur Matua tradition is an important family gathering (Dalihan Na Tolu) to prepare the ideal funeral ceremony for a parent who has died at an advanced age and has many grandchildren. This activity aims to agree on the time, technical details, and division of tasks, often called Pasada Tahi (unifying opinions). This study aims to describe and analyze in depth the role of Martonggo Raja as a forum for discussion and the division of tasks in the Saur Matua traditional ritual, as well as its contribution to the religious dimension and the recognition of customary law. The focus of this study is on the Batak Toba community in North Sumatra. The methodology employed is qualitative, utilizing literature review techniques to explore philosophical values and relevant cultural literature. The findings of this study indicate that Martonggo Raja functions as a democratic deliberative body aimed at reaching consensus (satolop and saoloan) while also serving as a traditional management system through the mechanism of serep ni horja (task division), which enhances the efficiency of ritual execution. Additionally, this tradition possesses a spiritual dimension as a place to offer prayers to Mula Jadi Nabolon and as a means of reconciliation within the family environment. The roles of the Dalihan Na Tolu groups (Hula-hula, Anak Boru, Dongan Tubu) and local leaders provide a crucial foundation of customary law (uhum), ensuring the ceremony’s social and traditional recognition. Overall, Martonggo Raja is crucial for maintaining social stability and preserving the cultural identity of the Batak Toba people.

References

Bahar, S. (2008). Kebijakan Negara dalam Rangka Pengakuan, Penghormatan, dan Perlindungan Masyarakat (Hukum) Adat di Indonesia. Lombok: Workshop on Research in Three Areas “Mendorong Pengakuan, Penghormatan & Perlindungan Hak Masyarakat Adat di Indonesia”.

Baiduri, R., & Wuriyani, E. P. (2021). Model pola Pengasuhan Anak Laki-laki dan Perempuan Etnis Batak Toba Berdasarkan Umpasa. Jurnal Antropologi: Isu-Isu Sosial Budaya, 17(1), 45–58.

Butarbutar, E. N. (2019). Perlindungan Hukum terhadap Prinsip Dalihan Na Tolu sebagai Hak Konstitusional Masyarakat Adat Batak Toba. Jurnal Konstitusi, 16(3), 613–634.

Firmando, H. B. (2021). Orientasi Nilai Budaya Batak Toba, Angkola dan Mandailing dalam Membina Interaksi dan Solidaritas Sosial Antarumat Beragama di Tapanuli Utara (Analisis Sosiologis). Studia Sosia Religia, 3(2), 120–135.

Flora, H. (2014). Makna Smbol Andung (Ratapan) dalam Upacara Pemakaman Adat Batak Toba di Pekanbaru. JOM FISIP, 1(2), 1–15.

Pide, A. S. M. (2017). Hukum Adat Dahulu, Kini, dan Akan Datang. Jakarta: Kencana.

Fraenkel, J. R., Wallen, E. W., & Hyun, H. H. (2012). How to Design and Evaluate Research in Education. New York: McGraw-Hill.

Ratna, N. K. (2004). Teori, Metode, dan Teknik Penelitian Sastra. Yogyakarta: Pustaka Pelajar.

Razak, A. (2020). Metode Riset: Menggapai Mixed Methods Bidang Pembelajaran Bahasa Indonesia: UR Press.

Romdhoni, A. (2019). Semiotik Metodologi Penelitian. Malang: Literatur Nusantara.

Silaban, I., Sibarani, R., Situmorang, H., & Widayati, D. (2019). Performance of Marhata Unjuk in Batak Toba Wedding. KnE Social Sciences, 970-979.

Simanjuntak, B. A. (2009a). Konflik Status dan Kekuasaan Orang Batak Toba: Bagian Sejarah Batak (Edisi Revisi). Jakarta: Yayasan Pustaka Obor Indonesia.

Simanjuntak, B. A. (2009b). Pikiran Kritis untuk Rakyat Indonesia:Pengaduan kepada Bung Karno dan Ompui Nommensen. Jakarta: Yayasan Pustaka Obor Indonesia.

Sulhan, A. (2017). Manajemen Hubungan Masyarakat dalam Meningkatkan Partisipasi Masyarakat Sekitar di MA At-Tahzib Kekait Gunungsari. Jurnal Penelitian Keislaman, 13(2), 131–151.

Tobing, O. R. A. T. L. (1967). Si Singamangaraja XII. Medan: Toko Buku Saridua.

Vergouwen, J. C. (2004). Masyarakat dan Hukum Adat Batak Toba. Yogyakarta: LKIS Pelangi Aksara, 150–165.