An Analysis of French Language Materials on the Lingua.com Website for Listening Skills at the CEFR B1 Level

Abstract

This study aims to describe the characteristics of B1-level French listening materials available on the Lingua.com website based on the Référentiel des contenus d’apprentissage du FLE and to analyse their conformity with the B1 listening descriptors of the Common European Framework of Reference for Languages (CEFR). This study employed a qualitative descriptive approach using content analysis. The data were collected through document analysis of the listening materials available on the Lingua.com website. The research population consisted of all listening materials provided on the website, while the sample comprised 18 B1-level listening materials selected through purposive sampling. The research instruments included a material analysis table based on the Référentiel des contenus d’apprentissage du FLE and a material conformity table based on the CEFR B1 descriptors. Data were analysed using the interactive model of Miles and Huberman, consisting of data reduction, data display, and conclusion drawing. The findings indicate that the materials are predominantly characterised by the speech act caractériser quelqu’un ou quelque chose, the use of grammatical structures such as la localisation temporelle, la localisation spatiale, les articulations logiques simples, and les temps du passé, as well as vocabulary related to la vie quotidienne. The analysis further reveals that the materials generally correspond to the CEFR B1 listening competence. However, several descriptors, including extended discussions, authentic conversations between native speakers, films with simple plots, and simple technical instructions, are not fully represented in the analysed materials.