Representation of Cleverness and Power in Cross-Country Folktales: The Story of Kecerdikan Zibong & The Tale of the Kancil Melawan Harimau

Abstract

This study aims to examine comparative literature by describing the representation of cleverness and power in the Korean folklore of Kisah Kecerdikan Zibong and the Indonesian folklore Kancil Melawan Harimau through intrinsic elements, including plot, setting, diction, characterization, and moral messages. The Tale of Kisah Kecerdikan Zibong is taken from a collection of Cerita Rakyat Jepang dan Korea, while The Kancil Melawan Harimau is taken from the book Si Kancil yang Cerdik. These two folktales share similarities that can be analyzed in depth. The research instrument is the human instrument, in which the researcher acts as the main instrument throughout the research process. The method used is descriptive qualitative research with content analysis. Data collection employs purposive sampling based on criteria relevant to the research focus. The findings show that cleverness is reflected in the characters’ ability to develop strategies and exploit the weaknesses of other characters, while power is reflected in their ability to influence the thoughts and actions of others. These findings are identified through the analysis of intrinsic elements, which reveals differences in the representation of cleverness and power. The two folktales have different purposes. Zibong tends to use his cleverness for personal gain without considering the possible consequences, whereas the Kancil uses cleverness to save himself from trouble. In terms of power, Zibong uses his influence to save himself and persuade several people to follow his wishes, while the Kancil focuses on using his power to influence the Harimau.