Optimizing Poetry Writing and Creative Thinking Skills through the Integration of AI-Assisted CTL with ChatGPT-4

Dewi Sartika Panggabean; Aripin  Rambe; Tesalonika Br. Tampubolon; Trisno Benaya  Gea

doi:10.55909/jpbs.v5i1.814

Authors

Dewi Sartika Panggabean Prodi Pendidikan Guru Sekolah Dasar, Universitas Battuta, Sumatera Utara, Indonesia
Aripin Rambe Prodi Pendidikan Guru Sekolah Dasar, Universitas Battuta, Sumatera Utara, Indonesia
Tesalonika Br. Tampubolon Prodi Pendidikan Guru Sekolah Dasar, Universitas Battuta, Sumatera Utara, Indonesia
Trisno Benaya Gea Prodi Pendidikan Guru Sekolah Dasar, Universitas Battuta, Sumatera Utara, Indonesia

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.55909/jpbs.v5i1.814

Keywords:

CTL, ChatGPT-4, Poetry Writing, Creative Thinking, Elementary School

Abstract

This study aims to examine the effectiveness of integrating the Contextual Teaching and Learning (CTL) model assisted by ChatGPT-4 artificial intelligence in optimizing elementary school students' poetry writing and creative thinking skills. A quantitative approach with a quasi-experimental Non-Equivalent Control Group Design was used in this study, involving two classes as the experimental and control groups. The research instruments were developed based on the dimensions of poetry writing and creative thinking, validated for content and reliability through statistical approaches. Data collection was conducted through pretest and posttest, then analyzed using JAMOVI and JASP for independent t-tests, normality, homogeneity, and effectiveness calculation through N-Gain. The results of the study indicate a highly significant difference (p < 0.001) in all ability indicators between the experimental and control groups, with a substantial increase in average scores in the group that received the CTL and ChatGPT-4 intervention. This integration was proven to encourage high achievement in aspects of poetry structure, diction, originality, and creative thinking dimensions such as fluency, elaboration, and flexibility. These findings indicate that contextual learning enriched with generative technology can create a reflective, adaptive, and transformative learning ecosystem. The conclusions of this study affirm that the integrative approach of CTL and generative AI is not only pedagogically effective but also makes a significant contribution to strengthening creative literacy and the development of the Pancasila Student Profile. This study recommends the widespread implementation of this model in learning based on the Merdeka Curriculum

References

Ahmad, A., Etfita, F., Wahyuni, S., & Satriani, E. (2022). Pelatihan Penulisan Teks Bahasa Inggris dengan Bantuan Kecerdasan Buatan di SMKS Budi Dharma Dumai. ABDINE: Jurnal Pengabdian Masyarakat. https://doi.org/10.52072/abdine.v2i2.440

Ali, R., Tang, O. Y., Connolly, I. D., Zadnik Sullivan, P. L., Shin, J. H., Fridley, J. S., Asaad, W. F., Cielo, D., Oyelese, A. A., Doberstein, C. E., Gokaslan, Z. L., & Telfeian, A. E. (2023). Performance of ChatGPT and GPT-4 on Neurosurgery Written Board Examinations. Neurosurgery. https://doi.org/10.1227/neu.0000000000002632

Aminah, A., Hairida, H., & Hartoyo, A. (2022). Penguatan Pendidikan Karakter Peserta Didik melalui Pendekatan Pembelajaran Kontekstual di Sekolah Dasar. Jurnal Basicedu. https://doi.org/10.31004/basicedu.v6i5.3791

Anggrini, R. P., Rahma, P., & Nurhatmi, J. (2025). Integratation of Artificial Intelligence in Canva Platform as Innovative Media for Physics Learning. Edu Researdh, 6(1), 1554-1560. https://doi.org/10.47827/jer.v6i1.669

Bogdan, R. & Biklen, S. K. (2007). Qualitative Research for Education An Introduction to Theory and Methods Fifth Edition. Boston: Pearson Education, Inc.

Brin, D., Sorin, V., Vaid, A., Soroush, A., Glicksberg, B. S., Charney, A. W., Nadkarni, G., & Klang, E. (2023). Comparing ChatGPT and GPT-4 Performance in USMLE Soft Skill Assessments. Scientific Reports, 13(1), 16492. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-023-43436-9

Bulus, M. (2021). Sample Size Determination and Optimal Design of Randomized/Non-equivalent Pretest-posttest Control-group Designs. Adýyaman Üniversitesi Eðitim Bilimleri Dergisi. https://doi.org/10.17984/adyuebd.941434

Crawford, J., Cowling, M., & Allen, K. A. (2023). Leadership is Needed for Ethical ChatGPT: Character, Assessment, and Learning Using Artificial Intelligence (AI). Journal of University Teaching and Learning Practice. https://doi.org/10.53761/1.20.3.02

Creswell, J. W., & Guetterman, T. C. (2018). Principles and Approaches in Qualitative Health Research. Educational Research: Lanning, Conducting, and Evaluating Quantitative and Qualitative Research.

Damayanti, W., & Lushinta, I. P. (2024). Pembelajaran Identifikasi Pendekatan Kajian Sastra melalui Bahan Ajar Berbasis Google Form Menggunakan Teknik Ganda. Jurnal Pembelajaran Bahasa dan Sastra, 3(6), 825–832. https://doi.org/10.55909/jpbs.v3i6.653

Darusalam, G. & Hussin, S. (2016). Metodologi Penyelidikan dalam Pendidikan: Amalan dan Analisis Kajian. 2nd Edition. Kuala Lumpur: University of Malaya.

Dewi, P. Y. A., & Primayana, K. H. (2019). Effect of Learning Module with Setting Contextual Teaching and Learning to Increase the Understanding of Concepts. International Journal of Education and Learning, 1(1), 19–26. https://doi.org/10.31763/ijele.v1i1.26

Elmustian, Sari, S. P., & Mustika, T. P. (2024). Pengembangan Bahan Ajar Menulis Pantun Menggunakan Pendekatan Konstruktivisme. Jurnal Pembelajaran Bahasa dan Sastra, 3(4), 437–450. https://doi.org/10.55909/jpbs.v3i4.609

Eriani, E., Mardiah, M., Napratilora, M., & Erdawati, S. (2022). Loose parts: Pengaruhnya Terhadap Kemampuan Berpikir Kreatif Anak Usia Dini. Aulad: Journal on Early Childhood. https://doi.org/10.31004/aulad.v5i1.316

Guetterman, T. C., Creswell, J. W., Deutsch, C., & Gallo, J. J. (2019). Process Evaluation of a Retreat for Scholars in the First Cohort: The NIH Mixed Methods Research Training Program for the Health Sciences. Journal of Mixed Methods Research, 13(1), 52–68. https://doi.org/10.1177/1558689816674564

Hadyanti, P. T. (2022). Problematika Pembelajaran Menulis Permulaan pada Masa Pandemi Covid-19. Jurnal Basicedu. https://doi.org/10.31004/basicedu.v6i1.2032

Halim, P., Zaidin, M. A., & Halimah, A. (2021). Sintaksis dan Bahasa Figuratif Puisi “Ibu di Atas Debu” W.S Rendra. Jurnal Studi Guru Dan Pembelajaran, 4(2), 446–454.

Hikam, F. F., & Karima, S. (2020). Pengaruh Contextual Teaching and Learning (CTL) terhadap Prestasi Siswa pada Bidang Studi PAI di SDIT Insantama Banjar. FONDATIA, 4(2), 187–204. https://doi.org/10.36088/fondatia.v4i2.655

Jamilah, J., Suherman, A., Melati, P., Darojat, A., Hermansyah, H., & Rosita, N. (2021). Implementation of Pancasila Student Profile By Citizens Education Teachers As an Effort to Realize Nation Character. Indonesian Journal of Community Empowerment (IJCE). https://doi.org/10.35899/ijce.v2i03.441

Khasanah, V. A., & Muthali’in, A. (2023). Penguatan Dimensi Bernalar Kritis Melalui Kegiatan Proyek Dalam Kurikulum Merdeka. Jurnal Dimensi Pendidikan Dan Pembelajaran. https://doi.org/10.24269/dpp.v11i2.7100

Krishnan, P. (2019). A Review of the non-Equivalent Control Group Post-Test-Only Design. In Nurse Researcher. https://doi.org/10.7748/nr.2018.e1582

Kurniati, D., Nopiyanti, N., & Arifa, Z. (2021). Model Pembelajaran Contextual Teaching and Learning (CTL) dalam Pembelajaran Bahasa Arab. Lahjah Arabiyah: Jurnal Bahasa Arab dan Pendidikan Bahasa Arab. https://doi.org/10.35316/lahjah.v2i2.133-140

Lestari, F. P., Ahmadi, F., & Rochmad, R. (2021). The Implementation of Mathematics Comic through Contextual Teaching and Learning to Improve Critical Thinking Ability and Character. European Journal of Educational Research, 10(1), 497–508. https://doi.org/10.12973/EU-JER.10.1.497

Lopez de Aguileta, G. (2019). Developing School-relevant Language and Literacy Skills through Dialogic Literary Gatherings. International Journal of Educational Psychology, 8(1), 51. https://doi.org/10.17583/ijep.2019.4028

Maryana, S., & Sukmawati, W. (2021). Meningkatkan Keterampilan Menulis Karangan Sederhana melalui Pendekatan Contextual Teaching And Learning (CTL). Ideas: Jurnal Pendidikan, Sosial, dan Budaya. https://doi.org/10.32884/ideas.v7i4.428

Nafiati, D. A. (2021). Revisi Taksonomi Bloom: Kognitif, Afektif, dan Psikomotorik. Humanika. https://doi.org/10.21831/hum.v21i2.29252

Nuha, M. A. U, & Musyafa’ah, N. (2023). Application of The Contextual Teaching and Learning (CTL) Model in Improving The Quality of Balaghah Learning in MAN 3 Jombang. Jurnal Ilmiah Iqra’. https://doi.org/10.30984/jii.v17i1.2445

OECD. (2023a). PISA 2022 Results (Volume I): The State of Learning and Equity in Education, PISA. OECD. https://doi.org/10.1787/53f23881-en

OECD. (2023b). PISA 2022 Results (Volume I). OECD. https://doi.org/10.1787/53f23881-en

Pardede, S., Lusiana, D., Kristini, I., Hutahean, J., Lesfani, G., Oktaviana, A., Loko, M., Sastra, K., Lokal, P. B., & Kelompok, I. (2023). Pengembangan Literasi dan Numerasi melalui Pembuatan Karya Sastra dan Produk Budaya Lokal. Communnity Development Journal.

Prasetya, A. D. A. (2023). Fungsi Bahasa dalam Wacana Lisan Interaksi Guru dan Siswa pada Pembelajaran Daring Berbasis Masalah. Prosiding Konferensi Berbahasa Indonesia Universitas Indraprasta PGRI, 129–139. https://doi.org/10.30998/kibar.27-10-2022.6307

Rahmadayanti, D., & Hartoyo, A. (2022). Potret Kurikulum Merdeka, Wujud Merdeka Belajar di Sekolah Dasar. Jurnal Basicedu. https://doi.org/10.31004/basicedu.v6i4.3431

Razak, A. (2000). Membaca Pemahaman: Teori dan Aplikasi Pengajaran. Pekanbaru: Ababil Press.

Razak, A. (2005). Statistika: Pengolahan Data Sosial Sistem Manual. Pekanbaru: Autografika.

Razak, A. (2025). Pembelajaran Menulis Daftar Pustaka Artikel Ilmiah Menggunakan Strategi Ganda Berbasis Google Form Opsi File Upload. Jurnal Pembelajaran Bahasa Dan Sastra, 4(2), 141–154. https://doi.org/10.55909/jpbs.v4i2.698

Rosalia, D. R., & Masruri, A. (2024). Peningkatan Literasi Informasi Melalui Seminar Pengenalan Artificial Intelligence dan Ragam Research Tools dalam Penulisan Karya Ilmiah di Perpustakaan STIPRAM Yogyakarta. Jurnal Adabiya. https://doi.org/10.22373/adabiya.v26i1.21328

Rulyansah, A., Mardhotillah, R. R., Budiarti, R. P. N., Afandi, M. D., & Aisah, P. L. (2022). Pengembangan Profesional Pendidik SD dalam Penggunaan Aplikasi Sekolah Literasi Digital Berbasis Artikulasi Artificial Intelligence. Indonesia Berdaya. https://doi.org/10.47679/ib.2023383

Saputra, I., Mahniza, M., Novelni, R., Putri, E. Y., Thaitami, S. H., & Nurhayati, A. (2025). Cognitive and Contextual Dimensions of Self-Regulated Learning in AI Driven Digital Classrooms. EDU RESEARCH, 6(2), 1168-1179. https://doi.org/10.47827/jer.v6i2.92

Satriani, I., Emilia, E., & Gunawan, H. (2012). Contextual Teaching and Learning Approach to Teaching Writing. Indonesian Journal of Applied Linguistics, 2(1), 10. https://doi.org/10.17509/ijal.v2i1.70

Supriyono, S., Subyantoro, S., & Pristiwati, R. (2023). Penilaian Pembelajaran Bahasa Indonesia dalam Kurikulum Merdeka Berbasis Digital (I-EVAL). Cakrawala Repositori IMWI. https://doi.org/10.52851/cakrawala.v6i6.531

Toyama, Y., Harigai, A., Abe, M., Nagano, M., Kawabata, M., Seki, Y., & Takase, K. (2024). Performance evaluation of ChatGPT, GPT-4, and Bard on the official board examination of the Japan Radiology Society. Japanese Journal of Radiology. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11604-023-01491-2

Ulfah, M. (2019). Pendekatan Holistik Integratif Berbasis Penguatan Keluarga pada Pendidikan Anak Usia Dini Full Day. Jurnal Obsesi/ : Jurnal Pendidikan Anak Usia Dini. https://doi.org/10.31004/obsesi.v4i1.255

Veddayana, C., Romadhon, S., Aldresti, F., & Suyono, S. (2023). Rasionalitas Implementasi Chat GPT dalam Pembelajaran Keterampilan Menulis Karya Ilmiah. GHANCARAN: Jurnal Pendidikan Bahasa dan Sastra Indonesia. https://doi.org/10.19105/ghancaran.vi.11778

Wicaksono, A. W., & Sembiring, D. (2023). Disrupsi Dunia Pendidikan Penerbangan Indonesia ChatGPT Dampak dan Manfaatnya terhadap Dunia Pendidikan. SKYHAWK: Jurnal Aviasi Indonesia. https://doi.org/10.52074/skyhawk.v3i2.135

Yuniarti, L. (2023). Kajian Stilistika: Analisis Gaya Bahasa Puisi ‘Aku Ingin’ Karya Sapardi Djoko Damono dalam Pembelajaran Sastra. Pedagogi: Jurnal Pendidikan dan Pembelajaran, 3(2), 66–71.